dd oflag=direct if=<файл-образа.iso> of=/dev/sdX bs=1M status=progress
sync

pv <файл-образа.iso> | dd oflag=direct of=/dev/sdX bs=1M;sync

$ lsblk | grep disk
sda      8:0    0 931,5G  0 disk
sdb      8:16   0 931,5G  0 disk
sdc      8:32   1   7,4G  0 disk

# dd oflag=direct if=/home/iso/alt-server-10.1-x86_64.iso of=/dev/sdc bs=1M status=progress; sync

# pv /home/iso/alt-server-10.1-x86_64.iso | dd oflag=direct of=/dev/sdc bs=1M;sync
dd: warning: partial read (524288 bytes); suggest iflag=fullblock
3GiB 0:10:28 [4,61MiB/s] [===================================>  ] 72% ETA 0:04:07

sudo dd if=alt-server-10.1-x86_64.iso of=/dev/rdiskX bs=10M
sync

diskutil list

((server
  (title . "Setup for server")
  (action . trivial)
  (actiondata  ("swap" (size 2048000 . 2048000) (fsim . "SWAPFS") (methods plain))
               ("/" (size 16384000 . 16384000 ) (fsim . "Ext2/3") (methods plain))
               ("/var" (size 20480000 . #t ) (fsim . "Ext2/3") (methods plain))))
               )

((server
  (title . "Setup for server")
  (action . trivial)
  (actiondata  ("swap" (size 2048000 . 2048000) (fsim . "SWAPFS") (methods plain))
               ("/" (size 40960000 . 40960000 ) (fsim . "Ext2/3") (methods plain))
               ("/var" (size 20480000 . #t ) (fsim . "Ext2/3") (methods plain))))
  (server_lvm
  (title . "Setup for server LVM")
  (action . trivial)
  (actiondata  ("swap" (size 2048000 . 2048000) (fsim . "SWAPFS") (methods lvm))
               ("/" (size 16384000 . #t ) (fsim . "Ext2/3") (methods lvm))))
               )

("/evms/profiles/server" action apply commit #f clearall #t exclude ())

(("pkg-install") action "write" lists "group-1 group-2" auto #t)

; установка языка операционной системы (ru_RU)
("/sysconfig-base/language" action "write" lang ("ru_RU"))
; установка переключателя раскладки клавиатуры на Ctrl+Shift
("/sysconfig-base/kbd" language ("ru_RU") action "write" layout "ctrl_shift_toggle")
; установка часового пояса в Europe/Moscow, время в BIOS будет храниться в UTC
("/datetime-installer" action "write" commit #t name "RU" zone "Europe/Moscow" utc #t)
; автоматическая разбивка жёсткого диска в профиле server
("/evms/control" action "write" control open installer #t)
("/evms/control" action "write" control update)
("/evms/profiles/server" action apply commit #f clearall #t exclude ())
("/evms/control" action "write" control commit)
("/evms/control" action "write" control close)
; установка пакетов операционной системы
("pkg-init" action "write")
; установка базовой системы (дополнительные группы пакетов из pkg-groups.tar указываются по именам через пробел)
("/pkg-install" action "write" lists "" auto #t)
("/preinstall" action "write")
; установка загрузчика GRUB в efi
("/grub" action "write" device "efi" passwd #f passwd_1 "*" passwd_2 "*")
; настройка сетевого интерфейса на получение адреса по DHCP
("/net-eth" action "write" reset #t)
("/net-eth" action "write" name "enp0s3" ipv "4" configuration "dhcp" default "" search "" dns "" computer_name "newhost" ipv_enabled #t)
("/net-eth" action "write" commit #t)
; установка пароля суперпользователя root '123'
("/root/change_password" passwd_2 "123" passwd_1 "123")
; задание первого пользователя 'user' с паролем '123'
("/users/create_account" new_name "user" gecos "user" allow_su #t auto #f passwd_1 "123" passwd_2 "123" autologin #f)

("/grub" action "write" device "efi" passwd #t passwd_1 "123" passwd_2 "123")

("/grub" action "write" device "/dev/sda" passwd #f passwd_1 "*" passwd_2 "*")

("/net-eth" action "write" reset #t)
("/net-eth" action "write" name "enp0s3" ipv "4" configuration "static" default "192.168.0.1" search "" dns "8.8.8.8" computer_name "newhost" ipv_enabled #t)
("/net-eth" action "add_iface_address" name "enp0s3" addip "192.168.0.25" addmask "24" ipv "4")
("/net-eth" action "write" commit #t)

("/postinstall/firsttime" script "ftp://192.168.0.123/metadata/update.sh")

("/postinstall/firsttime" url "http://server/script.sh")
("/postinstall/firsttime" run "command arg1 arg2")

("/postinstall/laststate" url "http://server/script.sh")
("/postinstall/laststate" run "command arg1 arg2")

$ tar cf install-scripts.tar preinstall.d postinstall.d

# apt-get install nginx

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name localhost .local <ваш ip>;

  access_log /var/log/nginx/repo-access.log;
  error_log /var/log/nginx/repo-error.log;

  location /mirror {
    root /srv/public;
    autoindex on;
   }
}

# ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available.d/repo.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled.d/repo.conf

# systemctl enable --now nginx

# apt-repo rm all
# apt-repo add http://<ip сервера>/mirror/p10/branch

# apt-repo
rpm http://192.168.0.185/mirror p10/branch/x86_64 classic
rpm http://192.168.0.185/mirror p10/branch/noarch classic

# apt-get install vsftpd lftp

# default: off
# description: The vsftpd FTP server.
service ftp
{
    disable = no # включает службу
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = root
    nice = 10
    rlimit_as = 200M
    server = /usr/sbin/vsftpd
    only_from = 0/0 # предоставить доступ для всех IP
}

# systemctl restart xinetd

local_enable=YES

# mkdir -p /var/ftp/mirror

# mount --bind /srv/public/mirror /var/ftp/mirror

# apt-repo rm all
# apt-repo add ftp://<ip сервера>/mirror/p10/branch
# apt-repo
rpm ftp://192.168.0.185/mirror p10/branch/x86_64 classic
rpm ftp://192.168.0.185/mirror p10/branch/noarch classic

# rm -f /etc/samba/smb.conf
# rm -rf /var/lib/samba
# rm -rf /var/cache/samba
# mkdir -p /var/lib/samba/sysvol

# samba-tool domain provision --realm=test.alt --domain=test --adminpass='Pa$$word' --dns-backend=SAMBA_INTERNAL --option="dns forwarder=8.8.8.8" --server-role=dc

# samba-tool domain provision
Realm [TEST.ALT]:
Domain [TEST]:
Server Role (dc, member, standalone) [dc]:
DNS backend (SAMBA_INTERNAL, BIND9_FLATFILE, BIND9_DLZ, NONE) [SAMBA_INTERNAL]:
DNS forwarder IP address (write 'none' to disable forwarding) [127.0.0.1]: 8.8.8.8
Administrator password:
Retype password:
Looking up IPv4 addresses
More than one IPv4 address found. Using 192.168.0.122
Looking up IPv6 addresses
No IPv6 address will be assigned
Setting up share.ldb
Setting up secrets.ldb
Setting up the registry
Setting up the privileges database
Setting up idmap db
Setting up SAM db
Setting up sam.ldb partitions and settings
Setting up sam.ldb rootDSE
Pre-loading the Samba 4 and AD schema
Adding DomainDN: DC=test,DC=alt
Adding configuration container
Setting up sam.ldb schema
Setting up sam.ldb configuration data
Setting up display specifiers
Modifying display specifiers
Adding users container
Modifying users container
Adding computers container
Modifying computers container
Setting up sam.ldb data
Setting up well known security principals
Setting up sam.ldb users and groups
Setting up self join
Adding DNS accounts
Creating CN=MicrosoftDNS,CN=System,DC=test,DC=alt
Creating DomainDnsZones and ForestDnsZones partitions
Populating DomainDnsZones and ForestDnsZones partitions
Setting up sam.ldb rootDSE marking as synchronized
Fixing provision GUIDs
A Kerberos configuration suitable for Samba 4 has been generated at /var/lib/samba/private/krb5.conf
Once the above files are installed, your Samba4 server will be ready to use
Server Role:           active directory domain controller
Hostname:              dc
NetBIOS Domain:        TEST
DNS Domain:            test.alt
DOMAIN SID:            S-1-5-21-80639820-2350372464-3293631772

# apt-get install task-auth-ad-sssd

search test.alt
nameserver 192.168.0.122